Product Hierarchy for Aggregates
Coarse Aggregates
Coarse aggregates
are defined as particles for which the lowest sieve size (d) is greater than or
equal to 2mm and the highest sieve size (D) is greater than 4mm and up to and
including 75mm.
Material
specification varies by
country.
Coarse aggregates
can be classified as follows:
• Single sized: particles belonging mostly to a single sieve size (D) and maximum specified percentage passing (d). Mostly used for concrete and asphalt application.
• Blended products: particles belonging to more than one sieve size and described by the nominal size (D).In sand & gravel, coarse aggregates can be a blend of extracted single size and processed single sized materials.
Fine Aggregates
Fine Aggregates are
comprised of particles between a lowest sieve size (d) of 0 mm and a highest
sieve size (D) 4 mm. Material specifications vary by country (thus D can be up
to 9mm and d from 0 to 0.063mm).
Fine aggregates can
be classified as follows:
• Premium fines/sand : tight specifications fine aggregates that are used for controlled applications. These result from the process of crushing and screening larger size materials, shaping of the fine material and removing presence of deleterious fines ( i.e manufactured sand ,blended or mortar sands)
• Non-premium fines: other fines that can be used in applications that do not require the product to meet specifications (passing%, deleterious fine content or shape).
Base Materials
Base materials are
defined as a mixture of
various aggregates size(coarse and fine aggregates) for which the gradation is
usually comprised between (d) 0mm and (D) 75mm, and utilized for (sub)-base
materials. Material specifications vary by country.
Base can be
classified as follows:
• Premium base materials: Mix of coarse and fines specifically processed (screened,crushed and/or treated - i.e with binders like cement) to be used in particular application and meet particular specifications
• Non - premium base materials & fills : other mix of coarse and fines aggregates often resulting from non-processed materials ( e.g just screened) that can be used in applications with no or less stringent specific stringent specifications.
Specialty Products
Products with
chemical or physical properties for specific industrial & infrastructure
applications (i.e dimentional boulders, glass, ceramic, industrial sands,
fillers, agg-lime for farmers, etc)
Coarse Aggregates
Coarse aggregates
are defined as particles for which the lowest sieve size (d) is greater than or
equal to 2mm and the highest sieve size (D) is greater than 4mm and up to and
including 75mm.
Coarse can be
classified as follows:
• Single sized. Mostly used for concrete and asphalt application.
• Blended products. In sand & gravel, coarse aggregates can be a blend of extracted single size and processed single sized materials.
Fine Aggregates
Sand is the smaller
size of the aggregates.
According to European Standards, sand must be comprised of particles between a
lowest sieve size (d) of 0 mm and a highest sieve size (D) 4mm. However due to
some countries practices (D) can be up to 9mm. Aggregates fines, most of which
passes 0,063 mm sieve can be included in sand.
Sand can be
classified as follows:
• Manufactured sand results from the process of crushing and screening larger size materials.
• Blended sand consists of a mixture of natural and manufactured sand.
Base Materials
Base material is
defined as aggregate or blended material for which, gradation is usually
comprised between (d) 0mm and (D) 75mm, and utilized for (sub)-base materials.
Variations in the highest sieve size (D) can be accepted from country to
country.
Base can be classified
as follows:
• Upper layer materials are of higher quality (sieve diagram) and often issued from re-blending different coarse single sized materials and sand.
Specialty Products
• Specialty sand consists of products with chemical or physical properties for specific industrial applications (e.g. glass, ceramic, industrial sands, fillers, aglime for farmers, etc.).
• Specialty products - rock are the exception, material characteristics or specific applications where the dimension is greater than 100 mm, such as armor stone, galbion stone and/or riprap.
• Treated materials are base materials mixed with a binder like cement.
• Fill and sub-base materials are often non processed materials (granular or crusher run).
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